Imagine a day without water

On October 12, 2017, “Imagine a Day Without Water¹ was held, an initiative of our neighbors to the south to raise awareness and educate the population on the value of drinking water. The starting premise is simple: what would you do if, for a day, you did not have access to quality drinking water that is safe for human consumption, easily accessible and available in sufficient quantity? The objective of this day is also to sensitize the country's leaders to the importance of investing in infrastructure related to the treatment and distribution of drinking water.

In addition to being essential for performing a multitude of daily tasks, water is used in many industrial processes, including food and petrochemical production. Many applications depend on water to ensure the proper functioning of a building. A shortage would inevitably lead to substantial economic losses and disrupt day-to-day operations. However, many companies do not have a succession plan in case of water shortage.

Awareness-raising initiatives such as AWWA's Drinking Water Week or the UN's World Water Day are all means to raise public awareness, but also to make businesses aware of the importance of drinking water daily.

Protecting the quality of drinking water also means protecting public health and safety as well as the environment. One only must think of certain crises such as the one that occurred in 2014, in the American city of Flint in Michigan, to understand it. As a result of a change in the source of drinking water supply, the city experienced significant lead contamination that affected the city's poorest community and created a serious public health problem. A state of emergency had to be declared.  To this day, the population must use bottled water until the water mains are replaced.

The toxic algal bloom in Lake Erie in 2014 also created an emergency by depriving everyone of drinking water in and around Toledo, Ohio. It is the presence of phosphorus, among other sources of fertilizers used in agriculture, that has led to this proliferation and forced the population to stock up with bottled water, thus causing a shortage of the latter.

The causes of contamination can have multiple origins and have serious repercussions on human health. In addition to temporarily interrupting the water supply for part of the population, this type of event makes the sanitation process very complex and expensive.

Realizing the importance of this resource is everyone's business. The will and commitment of   decision-makers, managers, business owners, and municipal and government representatives are needed, especially since they have a wide and varied field of intervention. Water management should be at the heart of their priorities.

The City of Sherbrooke is a good example of this desire. To reduce its water consumption, it has focused on leak detection and the implementation of processes to optimize its water network. In addition, the efforts of citizens and leaders of institutions, businesses, and industries have enabled the municipality to achieve excellent results in terms of drinking water management. In fact, in 2016, the average drinking water consumption of a Sherbrooke resident was 395 liters per day, below the government target, which was less than 622 liters per person per day^2.

Companies are not left behind and must protect living environments through a respectful use of water. There are multiple processes and equipment to protect groundwater, treat wastewater before discharge and reduce water consumption.  Standards also exist to preserve the drinking nature of water and to ensure the health of the building users, including the obligation imposed on owners to prevent the cross contamination of the drinking water network. Another example is the requirements to limit the presence of lead in drinking water. In Quebec, since May 1, 2014, it is prohibited to install faucets and other plumbing accessories containing more than 0.25% lead.

More and more companies are deciding to modernize their facilities to better manage the use of drinking water. One can think of recirculation loops, or the banning of cooling devices connected continuously to drinking water. A refrigerated display with a single capacitor, for example, can consume nearly 3000 liters of drinking water per day³, which represents an annual consumption of more than one million liters. Thus, the use of air or water recirculation loop devices saves a significant amount of drinking water. The implementation of water recovery, recycling, and recirculation systems on certain types of equipment allows a great water saving.

Several municipal administrations have adopted regulations to define the permitted use of water from the aqueduct, in addition to programs for saving and optimizing infrastructure. For municipalities, water pricing can be a powerful incentive to initiate changes within the population and IBI.

In short, sustainable water management is as much about avoiding all forms of contamination as it is about using water wisely, without abuse. Water has long been regarded as a renewable resource. We know today that it must be preserved. As a citizen, organization, or company, what actions have you taken or are you taking daily to reduce the consumption of drinking water or to avoid its contamination?

1. http://imagineadaywithoutwater.org/

2. Ville de Sherbrooke. (2017, 21 août.) Consommation d’eau potable : Sherbrooke parmi les leaders au Québec ! Communiqué de presse. Consulté en ligne à : https://www.ville.sherbrooke.qc.ca/salle-de-presse/actualites/communiques-et-actualites/communiques/communiques/article/consommation-deau-potable-sherbrooke-parmi-les-leaders-au-quebec/

3. Ville de Montréal. (2016). Appareils de refroidissement utilisant de l’eau. Dépliant 9964 (02-16). Consulté en  ligne à :   http://ville.montreal.qc.ca/pls/portal/docs/PAGE/EAU_FR/MEDIA/DOCUMENTS/reglement_climatisation_HR.PDF